BACKGROUND:Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti is at least one of the confirmed vectors for the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica and distributed widely in Morocco. This form of leishmaniasis is considered largely as anthroponotic. although dogs were found infected with Leishmania tropica. suggestive of zoonosis in some rural areas. https://www.roneverhart.com/Gul-Rune/